From cf655043d4ba6fb3e352d6295a6ad5c2361755c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Whitcroft Date: Tue, 4 Mar 2008 14:28:20 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] update checkpatch.pl to version 0.15 This version brings a number of minor fixes updating the type detector and the unary tracker. It also brings a few small fixes for false positives. It also reverts the --file warning. Of note: - limit CVS checks to added lines - improved type detections - fixes to the unary tracker Andy Whitcroft (13): Version: 0.15 EXPORT_SYMBOL checks need to accept array variables export checks must match DECLARE_foo and LIST_HEAD possible types: cleanup debugging missing line values: track values through preprocessor conditional paths typeof is actually a type possible types: detect definitions which cross lines values: include line numbers on value debug information values: ensure we find correctly record pending brackets values: simplify the brace history stack CVS keyword checks should only apply to added lines loosen spacing for comments allow braces for single statement blocks with multiline conditionals Harvey Harrison (1): checkpatch: remove fastcall Ingo Molnar (1): checkpatch.pl: revert wrong --file message Uwe Kleine-Koenig (1): fix typo "goot" -> "good" Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft Cc: Randy Dunlap Cc: Joel Schopp Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Andi Kleen Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds --- scripts/checkpatch.pl | 323 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 206 insertions(+), 117 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/checkpatch.pl b/scripts/checkpatch.pl index 2086a856400..2a7cef9726e 100755 --- a/scripts/checkpatch.pl +++ b/scripts/checkpatch.pl @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use strict; my $P = $0; $P =~ s@.*/@@g; -my $V = '0.14'; +my $V = '0.15'; use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev); @@ -105,8 +105,7 @@ our $Sparse = qr{ __iomem| __must_check| __init_refok| - __kprobes| - fastcall + __kprobes }x; our $Attribute = qr{ const| @@ -158,7 +157,10 @@ sub build_types { \b (?:const\s+)? (?:unsigned\s+)? - $all + (?: + $all| + (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\(\s*\**\s*$Ident\s*\) + ) (?:\s+$Sparse|\s+const)* \b }x; @@ -362,6 +364,7 @@ sub ctx_statement_block { my $type = ''; my $level = 0; + my $p; my $c; my $len = 0; @@ -386,6 +389,7 @@ sub ctx_statement_block { last; } } + $p = $c; $c = substr($blk, $off, 1); $remainder = substr($blk, $off); @@ -397,8 +401,9 @@ sub ctx_statement_block { } # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if - if ($level == 0 && $remainder =~ /(\s+else)(?:\s|{)/ && - $remainder !~ /\s+else\s+if\b/) { + if ($level == 0 && (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\})/) && + $remainder =~ /(else)(?:\s|{)/ && + $remainder !~ /else\s+if\b/) { $coff = $off + length($1); } @@ -445,21 +450,73 @@ sub ctx_statement_block { $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level); } +sub statement_lines { + my ($stmt) = @_; + + # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end. + $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g; + $stmt =~ s/^\s*//; + $stmt =~ s/\s*$//; + + my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g); + + return $#stmt_lines + 2; +} + +sub statement_rawlines { + my ($stmt) = @_; + + my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g); + + return $#stmt_lines + 2; +} + +sub statement_block_size { + my ($stmt) = @_; + + $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g; + $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//; + $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//; + $stmt =~ s/^\s*//; + $stmt =~ s/\s*$//; + + my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g); + my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g); + + my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2; + my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1; + + if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) { + return $stmt_lines; + } else { + return $stmt_statements; + } +} + sub ctx_statement_full { my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_; my ($statement, $condition, $level); my (@chunks); + # Grab the first conditional/block pair. ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off); #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement>\n"; + push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]); + if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) { + return ($level, $linenr, @chunks); + } + + # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they + # could continue the statement. for (;;) { - push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]); - last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^.\s*(?:if|else|do)/)); ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off); - #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement>\n"; + #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n"; + last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:else|do)\b/s)); + #print "C: push\n"; + push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]); } return ($level, $linenr, @chunks); @@ -593,13 +650,13 @@ sub cat_vet { } my $av_preprocessor = 0; -my $av_paren = 0; +my $av_pending; my @av_paren_type; sub annotate_reset { $av_preprocessor = 0; - $av_paren = 0; - @av_paren_type = (); + $av_pending = '_'; + @av_paren_type = ('E'); } sub annotate_values { @@ -611,12 +668,13 @@ sub annotate_values { print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); while (length($cur)) { - print " <$type> " if ($dbg_values > 1); + print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) . + "> <$type> " if ($dbg_values > 1); if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) { print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) { + $type = pop(@av_paren_type); $av_preprocessor = 0; - $type = 'N'; } } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)/) { @@ -626,11 +684,33 @@ sub annotate_values { } elsif ($cur =~ /^(#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) { print "DEFINE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); $av_preprocessor = 1; - $av_paren_type[$av_paren] = 'N'; + $av_pending = 'N'; - } elsif ($cur =~ /^(#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if|else|elif|endif))/o) { - print "PRE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); + } elsif ($cur =~ /^(#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) { + print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); $av_preprocessor = 1; + + push(@av_paren_type, $type); + push(@av_paren_type, $type); + $type = 'N'; + + } elsif ($cur =~ /^(#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) { + print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); + $av_preprocessor = 1; + + push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]); + + $type = 'N'; + + } elsif ($cur =~ /^(#\s*(?:endif))/o) { + print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); + + $av_preprocessor = 1; + + # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this + # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here. + pop(@av_paren_type); + push(@av_paren_type, $type); $type = 'N'; } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) { @@ -639,13 +719,13 @@ sub annotate_values { } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) { print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); if (defined $2) { - $av_paren_type[$av_paren] = 'V'; + $av_pending = 'V'; } $type = 'N'; } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|typeof|__typeof__|for)\b/o) { print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); - $av_paren_type[$av_paren] = 'N'; + $av_pending = 'N'; $type = 'N'; } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|case|else)/o) { @@ -654,14 +734,14 @@ sub annotate_values { } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) { print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); - $av_paren++; + push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending); + $av_pending = '_'; $type = 'N'; } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) { - $av_paren-- if ($av_paren > 0); - if (defined $av_paren_type[$av_paren]) { - $type = $av_paren_type[$av_paren]; - undef $av_paren_type[$av_paren]; + my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type); + if ($new_type ne '_') { + $type = $new_type; print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); } else { @@ -670,7 +750,7 @@ sub annotate_values { } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\(/o) { print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); - $av_paren_type[$av_paren] = 'V'; + $av_pending = 'V'; } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) { print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); @@ -680,11 +760,11 @@ sub annotate_values { print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); $type = 'N'; - } elsif ($cur =~/^(;)/) { + } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) { print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); $type = 'E'; - } elsif ($cur =~ /^(;|{|}|\?|:|\[)/o) { + } elsif ($cur =~ /^(;|\?|:|\[)/o) { print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); $type = 'N'; @@ -988,7 +1068,7 @@ sub process { } # check for RCS/CVS revision markers - if ($rawline =~ /\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) { + if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) { WARN("CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr); } @@ -999,41 +1079,44 @@ sub process { # Check for potential 'bare' types if ($realcnt) { + my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0); + $s =~ s/\n./ /g; + $s =~ s/{.*$//; + # Ignore goto labels. - if ($line =~ /$Ident:\*$/) { + if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/) { # Ignore functions being called - } elsif ($line =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/) { + } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/) { # definitions in global scope can only start with types - } elsif ($line =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b/) { - possible($1, $line); + } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b/) { + possible($1, $s); # declarations always start with types - } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $line =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b(:?\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*$Ident\s*(?:;|=|,)/) { - possible($1); + } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b(:?\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*$Ident\s*(?:;|=|,)/) { + possible($1, $s); } # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type - while ($line =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\*+\s*\)/g) { - possible($1, $line); + while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\*+\s*\)/g) { + possible($1, $s); } # Check for any sort of function declaration. # int foo(something bar, other baz); # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *); - if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $line =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/) { + if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/) { my ($name_len) = length($1); - my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, $name_len); - my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx); - $ctx =~ s/\n.//; + my $ctx = $s; substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1) = ''; $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//; + for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) { if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/ || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/) { - possible($1, $line); + possible($1, $s); } } } @@ -1100,8 +1183,8 @@ sub process { $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values; if ($dbg_values) { my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g; - warn "--> .$outline\n"; - warn "--> $curr_values\n"; + print "$linenr > .$outline\n"; + print "$linenr > $curr_values\n"; } $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1); @@ -1148,7 +1231,9 @@ sub process { if (($prevline !~ /^}/) && ($prevline !~ /^\+}/) && ($prevline !~ /^ }/) && - ($prevline !~ /\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)?\s*(?:;|=)/)) { + ($prevline !~ /^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)/) && + ($prevline !~ /^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)/) && + ($prevline !~ /\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)?\s*(?:;|=|\[)/)) { WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr); } } @@ -1266,7 +1351,7 @@ sub process { =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~| &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|% }x; - my @elements = split(/($;+|$ops|;)/, $opline); + my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline); my $off = 0; my $blank = copy_spacing($opline); @@ -1277,6 +1362,7 @@ sub process { my $a = ''; $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne ''); $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/); + $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/); $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/); $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq ''); $a = 'E' if ($elements[$n] eq '' && $n == 0); @@ -1287,6 +1373,7 @@ sub process { if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) { $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne ''); $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/); + $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/); $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/); $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq ''); $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /\s*\\$/); @@ -1330,13 +1417,13 @@ sub process { if ($op_type ne 'V' && $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*,/) { - # Ignore comments - } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) { +# # Ignore comments +# } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) { # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it } elsif ($op eq ';') { - if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEB]/ && $cc !~ /^\\/ && - $cc !~ /^;/) { + if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ && + $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) { ERROR("need space after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr); } @@ -1351,7 +1438,7 @@ sub process { # , must have a space on the right. } elsif ($op eq ',') { - if ($ctx !~ /.xW|.xE/ && $cc !~ /^}/) { + if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) { ERROR("need space after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr); } @@ -1364,7 +1451,7 @@ sub process { # unary operator, or a cast } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' || ($is_unary && ($op eq '*' || $op eq '-' || $op eq '&'))) { - if ($ctx !~ /[WEB]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) { + if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) { ERROR("need space before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr); } if ($ctx =~ /.xW/) { @@ -1373,7 +1460,7 @@ sub process { # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side. } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') { - if ($ctx !~ /[WOB]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBE]/) { + if ($ctx !~ /[WOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) { ERROR("need space one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr); } if ($ctx =~ /WxB/ || ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) { @@ -1387,13 +1474,13 @@ sub process { $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or $op eq '%') { - if ($ctx !~ /VxV|WxW|VxE|WxE|VxO/) { + if ($ctx !~ /VxV|WxW|VxE|WxE|VxO|Cx.|.xC/) { ERROR("need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr); } # All the others need spaces both sides. - } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EW]x[WE]/) { + } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) { # Ignore email addresses if (!($op eq '<' && $cb =~ /$;\S+\@\S+>/) && !($op eq '>' && $cb =~ /<\S+\@\S+$;/)) { @@ -1551,7 +1638,7 @@ sub process { # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed -# in a known goot container +# in a known good container if ($prevline =~ /\#define.*\\/ && $prevline !~/(?:do\s+{|\(\{|\{)/ && $line !~ /(?:do\s+{|\(\{|\{)/ && @@ -1599,84 +1686,95 @@ sub process { # check for redundant bracing round if etc if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) { my ($level, $endln, @chunks) = - ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 0); + ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1); #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n"; - if ($#chunks > 1 && $level == 0) { + #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n"; + if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) { my $allowed = 0; my $seen = 0; + my $herectx = $here . "\n";; + my $ln = $linenr - 1; for my $chunk (@chunks) { my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk}; + $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln]\n[...]\n"; + $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1; + substr($block, 0, length($cond)) = ''; $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/); - $block =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g; - $block =~ s/^\s*{//; - $block =~ s/}\s*$//; - $block =~ s/^\s*//; - $block =~ s/\s*$//; - - my @lines = ($block =~ /\n/g); - my @statements = ($block =~ /;/g); - - #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> lines<" . scalar(@lines) . "> statements<" . scalar(@statements) . "> seen<$seen> allowed<$allowed>\n"; - if (scalar(@lines) != 0) { + #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed>\n"; + if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n"; $allowed = 1; } if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n"; $allowed = 1; } - if (scalar(@statements) > 1) { + if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n"; $allowed = 1; } } if ($seen && !$allowed) { - WARN("braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herecurr); - $suppress_ifbraces = $endln; + WARN("braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx); } + # Either way we have looked over this whole + # statement and said what needs to be said. + $suppress_ifbraces = $endln; } } if ($linenr > $suppress_ifbraces && $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) { - # Locate the end of the opening statement. - my @control = ctx_statement($linenr, $realcnt, 0); - my $nr = $linenr + (scalar(@control) - 1); - my $cnt = $realcnt - (scalar(@control) - 1); - - my $off = $realcnt - $cnt; - #print "$off: line<$line>end<" . $lines[$nr - 1] . ">\n"; - - # If this is is a braced statement group check it - if ($lines[$nr - 1] =~ /{\s*$/) { - my ($lvl, @block) = ctx_block_level($nr, $cnt); - - my $stmt = join("\n", @block); - # Drop the diff line leader. - $stmt =~ s/\n./\n/g; - # Drop the code outside the block. - $stmt =~ s/(^[^{]*){\s*//; - my $before = $1; - $stmt =~ s/\s*}([^}]*$)//; - my $after = $1; - - #print "block<" . join(' ', @block) . "><" . scalar(@block) . ">\n"; - #print "before<$before> stmt<$stmt> after<$after>\n\n"; - - # Count the newlines, if there is only one - # then the block should not have {}'s. - my @lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g); - my @statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g); - #print "lines<" . scalar(@lines) . ">\n"; - #print "statements<" . scalar(@statements) . ">\n"; - if ($lvl == 0 && scalar(@lines) == 0 && - scalar(@statements) < 2 && - $stmt !~ /{/ && $stmt !~ /\bif\b/ && - $before !~ /}/ && $after !~ /{/) { - my $herectx = "$here\n" . join("\n", @control, @block[1 .. $#block]) . "\n"; - shift(@block); - WARN("braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx); + my ($level, $endln, @chunks) = + ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]); + + my $allowed = 0; + + # Check the pre-context. + if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n"; + $allowed = 1; + } + # Check the condition. + my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]}; + if (defined $cond) { + substr($block, 0, length($cond)) = ''; + } + if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n"; + $allowed = 1; + } + if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n"; + $allowed = 1; + } + if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n"; + $allowed = 1; + } + # Check the post-context. + if (defined $chunks[1]) { + my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]}; + if (defined $cond) { + substr($block, 0, length($cond)) = ''; + } + if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) { + #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n"; + $allowed = 1; + } + } + if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) { + my $herectx = $here . "\n";; + my $end = $linenr + statement_rawlines($block) - 1; + + for (my $ln = $linenr - 1; $ln < $end; $ln++) { + $herectx .= $rawlines[$ln] . "\n";; } + + WARN("braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx); } } @@ -1828,15 +1926,6 @@ sub process { print "are false positives report them to the maintainer, see\n"; print "CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.\n"; } - print <